Background Information

Richmond Valley Council has engaged BMT to help prepare the Richmond Valley Floodplain Risk Management Study and Plan. This Study builds on the Richmond Valley Flood Study completed by BMT in 2023, which looked at how flooding affects our community under existing flood conditions (including a detailed look at the March 2022 historical flood event) and future (climate change) conditions.

Floodplain Risk Management Study and Plan

Flood Risk Management in NSW is outlined by the Flood Risk Management Manual: the policy and manual for the management of flood liable land (2023).  The primary objective of the policy is to reduce the impacts of flooding and flood liability on communities and individuals, and to reduce losses resulting from floods, and in doing so improve community resilience to flooding.

BMT Commercial Australia Pty Ltd was commissioned in September 2024 to undertake and prepare a Flood Risk Management Study & Plan for the Richmond Valley Council area.

Following community engagement, and endorsement by the Flood Committee, the Richmond Valley Flood Risk Management Study & Plan (14 July 2026) was endorsed by Richmond Valley Council at its Ordinary Meeting of 18 August 2026.  This Plan represents Stage 3 of the NSW Flood Risk Management Framework and replaces the Casino Floodplain Risk Management Plan and Mid Richmond Floodplain Risk Management Plan.

Study Area

The Richmond River catchment covers an area of approximately 6,900 km², draining to the ocean at Ballina and through a secondary outlet at Evans Head via the Tuckombil Canal and Evans River. The lower reaches of the catchment feature extensive low-lying floodplains, with tidal watercourses stretching far inland. Key tributaries to the Richmond River include the Wilsons River and Bungawalbin Creek, both significant in their own right.

Richmond Valley LGA is home to around 23,565 residents (ABS Census 2021), with key towns and villages in the study area including Casino, Coraki, Woodburn, Broadwater, Evans Head, and Rappville, along with several smaller settlements. The key study area is shown below overlayed with the predicted 1%AEP (or 1 in 100 year) flood event determined from the 2023 Flood Study.

Study Area with the Predicted 1 in 100 Year Flood Extent

History of Flooding

The Richmond Valley has a long history of significant flooding, with major floods recorded throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Notably, the Richmond River catchment has seen devastating floods in February 1954, March 1974, January 2008, and May 2009, with the most catastrophic event in recent memory occurring in February/March 2022.

In the Richmond Valley, the 2022 flood overwhelmed the Richmond River, causing extensive damage to towns like Casino, Coraki, Woodburn, Broadwater, and Evans Head. The floodwaters rose to record levels, particularly affecting low-lying floodplains and towns situated along the river.

In Casino, Coraki, and surrounding areas, homes, businesses, and infrastructure were inundated, with some regions experiencing flood depths and damages greater than those of the historic 1954 flood. Entire communities were displaced, and floodwaters remained for days in some areas due to bottlenecks in the terrain, particularly near Broadwater. The economic losses included damage to homes, roads, farms, and public services, severely impacting the agricultural sector, especially cattle farming and crop production.

The 2022 flood is widely regarded as one of the worst floods in the Richmond Valley’s history due to the scale of destruction and the prolonged impact on recovery efforts. Photos from post 2022 events are shown below:

For more information regarding the study, please contact:

Email: richmondvalleyflood@apac.bmt.org
Website: richmondvalley.nsw.gov.au/services/flood/
Mel Adam – BMT Project Manager (02 8960 7745)
Travis Eggins – Council Project Manager (02 6660 0300)

Richmond Valley Flood Study 2023

In 2021 Council commenced the Richmond Valley Flood Study with financial and technical assistance provided by the Department of Planning and Environment under the Floodplain Management Program. This study has now been adopted by Council.

NSW Flood Management Framework

Flooding in NSW is managed in accordance with the NSW Government’s Flood Prone Land Policy (the Policy).

The NSW Government’s Floodplain Development Manual (DIPNR, 2005) was replaced on 30 June 2023 with the Flood Risk Management Manual: The policy and manual for the management of flood liable land (DPE, 2023).

Both manuals support the Policy by defining the responsibilities, roles, and processes for the management of flood prone land in NSW.

This includes the development and implementation of local flood studies and floodplain risk management studies and plans to define and manage flood risk.

These are prepared through a staged approach which is defined by the flood risk management process shown below.  The Richmond Valley Flood Study (the Study) represents Stages 1 and 2 of the process which remains fundamentally unchanged in the new manual.

Stages in the NSW Flood risk management process (Adapted from Flood Risk Management Manual, 2023)

The Flood Study

BMT Commercial Australia Pty Ltd was commissioned in early 2021 to prepare a new flood model and study for the Richmond Valley LGA’s floodplains.

The Flood Study covers the main rivers and creeks within the Richmond Valley Local Government Area (LGA) from upstream of Casino to downstream of Broadwater and as far as Ballina, including Coraki, Woodburn, Rileys Hill, and Evans Head, as well up the Bungawalbin Creek including Rappville and Whiporie, and up the Wilsons River as far as East Gundurimba.

The scope of the project was:

• replace a number of historic flood studies with a single, consistent, up-to-date, and higher-resolution flood model,
• expand modelling to a larger part of the LGA’s floodplains (about 86% of the LGA’s floodplain has now been modelled, which is up from 52% coverage within existing studies),
• incorporate Climate Change (CC) as well as Australian Rainfall and Runoff 2019 (AR&R2019) standards into the modelling,
• incorporate significant floodplain terrain modifications into the model, such as the inclusion of the Pacific Motorway upgrade and
• calibrate to several historic flood events.

This scope of the project was further expanded in 2022 to incorporate data from the 2022 floods into the model’s calibration and Study’s flood frequency analysis.

The Richmond Valley Flood Study 2023 was adopted at the Ordinary Meeting of Council held on 19 September 2023 and will assist with managing the community’s risk from flooding.

This new flood study and flood model has replaced the following flood studies:

• Casino Flood Study (1999),
• Richmond River Flood Study (2010), and
• Evans River Flood Study (2014).

The Flood Study has been calibrated against historic flood events for January 2008, May 2009, March/April 2017, and Feb/Mar 2022.  This calibration exercise involved applying recorded rainfall data into the models and comparing modelled flood levels with actual recorded river gauge data and surveyed debris marks.  The table below provides the new design flood levels (in metres above the Australian Height Datum) for key river gauges with the study area.

Climate Change Scenario 3 – Updated flood modelling

The Richmond Valley Flood Study has included climate change simulations for the 2%AEP (50year AEP), 1%AEP (100yr AEP), and the 0.2%AEP (500year AEP).

At the Council meeting of 15 June 2010, Council adopted Climate Change Scenario 3 to apply to flood modelling. This included an increase of:

+ 900mm for sea level rise, and

+ 10 percent increase in rainfall intensity.

The new flood levels with Climate Change 3 form the basis for future development in accordance with Council’s Floodplain Risk Management Plans, and clause 5.21 Flood Planning within the Richmond Valley Local Environmental Plan 2012.

New flood mapping, minimum habitable floor levels and hazard categories in accordance with Council’s adopted Floodplain Risk Management Plans are also available.

Flood Information Report

A Flood Information Report provides property-specific flood information to help residents, landowners, developers, consultants, and prospective purchasers better understand flood risk for any site.

Reports may include information such as flood levels, flood extents, flood planning controls, development considerations, and other available technical flood data from Council’s adopted flood studies and records. The information provided will vary depending on the location of the property and the nature of the enquiry.

To request a Flood Information Report, please complete the enquiry form below and provide details of the property and the information you require.

Contact Council on 02 666 00 300 to receive Flood Information Report via Post.

Apply for a Flood Information Report.

Further information

Council will receive a package of flood-related documentation and maps from completing the Study.  This will be updated below as it becomes available.

• Richmond Valley Flood Study 2023 – Report
• Richmond Valley Flood Study 2023 – Volume 2 – Mapping
• Richmond Valley Flood Risk Management Study & Plan – Volume 1 Report
• Richmond Valley Flood Risk Management Study & Plan – Volume 2 Map Index
• Richmond Valley Development Control Plan 2021 (Transitional Flood Provision) Amendment – commenced 19 August 2026
• Transitional Flood Matrices from the former Casino and Mid Richmond Floodplain Risk Management Plans
• Casino House Survey – November 2006 Update
• Mid-Richmond House Survey – November 2006 Update
• Apply for a Flood Information Report

Richmond Valley Flood Risk Management Study & Plan – Volume 2 Appended Maps

• Map Set A Critical Duration
• Map Set B Peak Flood Depths
• Map Set C Peak Flood Levels
• Map Set D Peak Flood Velocities
• Map Set E LiDAR Assessment
• Map Set F ARR42 Assessment
• Map Set G Vegetation Assessment
• Map Set H Levee Failure Assessment
• Map Set I Flood Hazard
• Map Set J Flood Function
• Map Set K Climate Change
• Map Set L Flood Emergency Response Classifications of Communities
• Map Set M Flood Planning Levels
• Map Set N Flood Planning Constraint Categories
• Map Set O Flood Planning Constraint Categories with Relaxed Flood Storage Criteria
• Map Set P Cumulative Impacts
• Map Set Q Mitigation Options Impacts